Autophagy maitiro echisikigo mukati memasero edu anoita semurindi wekuchengetedza hutano hwedu nekupwanya ekare, akakuvadzwa masero emasero uye kuadzokorora kuita simba.Iyi nzira yekuzvichenesa inoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza hutano hwakakwana, kudzivirira zvirwere uye kurebesa hupenyu.Neraki, kune nzira dzakati wandei dzatinogona kusimudzira uye kukurudzira autophagy kuitira kuti maseru edu ashande nemazvo.
Izwi rekuti autophagy, rinobva pashoko rechiGiriki rekuti "auto" rinoreva "kuzvimirira" uye "phagy" zvinoreva kudya, rinoreva chiitiko chakakosha cheserura chinobvumira maseru kushatisa uye kudzoreredza zvikamu zvawo.Inogona kutorwa senzira yekuzvichenesa iyo inoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza hutano hweserura uye homeostasis.
Mumiviri yedu, mamirioni emasero anogara achiita autophagy kuti abvise mapuroteni akakuvadzwa kana asina kurongeka, asina kushanda organelles uye mamwe ma cellular tsvina.Iyi nzira inobatsira kudzivirira kuunganidzwa kwezvinhu zvine chepfu uye inogonesa kudzokororwa kwema macromolecules, kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwesero.
nzira yekuita
Autophagyinoshanda kuburikidza nenhevedzano yematanho akaomesesa uye akanyatso kudzora matanho.Maitiro acho anotanga nekugadzirwa kwemaviri-membrane zvimiro zvinonzi autophagosomes, izvo zvinoputira zvinonangwa zvikamu mukati memasero.Iyo autophagosome inozobatana neiyo lysosome, iyo yakasarudzika organelle ine akasiyana ma enzymes, zvichikonzera kuparara kwezviri mukati maro.
Kune matatu makuru mafomu e autophagy: macroautophagy, microautophagy, uye chaperone-mediated autophagy.Macroautophagy inosanganisira kushatiswa kukuru kwezvikamu zvemasero, nepo microautophagy inosanganisira kunyudzwa kwakananga kwecytoplasmic zvinhu nemalysosomes.Kune rimwe divi, chaperone-mediated autophagy inosarudza mapuroteni ekudzikisira.
Conditioning uye Signaling
Autophagy inodzorwa zvakasimba neakawanda masigning nzira mukupindura kwakasiyana siyana cellular stressors, senge kushaikwa kwechikafu, oxidative kusagadzikana, hutachiona uye protein aggregation.Mumwe weakakosha ekudzora autophagy ndiyo mammalian chinangwa cherapamycin (mTOR), protein kinase iyo inhibisa autophagy kana chikafu chakawanda.Zvisinei, pasi pemamiriro ekuderedza kudya, mTOR kusaina kunodzivirirwa, zvichiita kuti autophagy activation.
1. Kutsanya kwenguva nenguva:
Nekudzikamisa hwindo rekudyisa, kutsanya kwepakati kunoisa muviri munzvimbo yekutsanya kwenguva refu, zvichiita kuti maseru ashandise simba rakachengetwa uye kutanga autophagy.
2. Kusimbisa muviri:
Kugara uchirovedza muviri hakungochengete miviri yedu ine hutano, asiwo inoita senge ine simba inducer ye autophagy.Kutora chikamu mune aerobic uye kuramba maekisesaizi kunokonzeresa autophagy, kusimudzira kuchenesa uye rejuvenation pane cellular level.
3. Calorie restriction:
Pamusoro pekutsanya kwepakati, caloric restriction (CR) ndiyo imwe nzira yakasimbiswa yekusimudzira autophagy.Nekudzikisa yako yakazara calorie kudya, CR inomanikidza maseru ako kuchengetedza simba uye kutanga autophagy kuchengetedza akakosha mabasa.
4. Ketogenic Diet:
Autophagic chiitiko chinokwidziridzwa nekukwevera ketosis nekudzora zvakanyanya macarbohydrate kudya uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta.
5. Zvokudya zvakapfuma mu phytochemicals:
Mamwe maumbirwo emiti, kunyanya ayo anowanikwa mumichero ine mavara, miriwo uye zvinonhuwira, ane zvivakwa zvinokonzeresa autophagy.
6. Tora zvimwe zvekuwedzera:
Autophagy inogona kukurudzirwa nekuwedzera autophagy supplements kune chikafu kusimudzira hutano.
1. Green tea
Yakapfuma muantioxidant makomisheni senge makatekesi, green tea yagara ichizivikanwa nekuda kwehutano hwayo.Pamusoro pekugona kwayo kukwidziridza metabolism uye kutsigira uremu, girinhi tii yakaratidzawo kumisa autophagy.Polyphenols inowanikwa mugirini tii inosimudzira kutaura kwemajini anobatanidzwa mu autophagy, iyo inobatsira kuchengetedza cellular chiyero uye kushanda.
2. Turmeric
Curcumin, iyo inoshanda mu turmeric ine yakajeka yero hue, ine simba rinopesana nekuputika uye antioxidant zvinhu.Zvidzidzo zvichiri kusimukira zvakaratidza kuti curcumin inogona zvakare kukonzeresa autophagy nekuita mamwe mamorekuru nzira.Kubatanidza turmeric mukudya kwako, kungave kuburikidza nekubika kana sewedzero, kunogona kubatsira kubatanidza kugona kwe autophagy kuvandudza hutano.
3. Berberine
Chidzidzo chekuongorora berberine chakawana kuti komisheni iyi inogona zvakare kuve nekwaniso yekukurudzira autophagy.Berberine inowanikwa mumabheri, muti turmeric, uye mamwe maruva.
4. Mabheri
Michero yakaita seblueberries, sitiroberi, uye raspberries haisi kungonaka chete, asi yakazara nezvinhu zvinokurudzira hutano.Iyi michero ine simba yakapfuma mune polyphenols, makomisheni anozivikanwa kuwedzera autophagy.Nekushandisa akasiyana siyana manyoro kana akaomeswa michero, unogona kuve nechokwadi chekupihwa kwakasimba kweaya anobatsira chirimwa makomisheni anotsigira yakasimba uye inoshanda autophagy process.
5. Cruciferous miriwo
Cruciferous miriwo, kusanganisira broccoli, cauliflower, kare uye Brussels inomera, ine mhando inoshamisa yehutano-inosimudzira makomisheni, senge sulforaphane uye indole-3-carbinol.Aya makomisheni akaratidzwa kuita activate autophagy uye kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kweserura kunokonzerwa neoxidative kusagadzikana.Kuiswa kwekudya kweakasiyana siyana cruciferous miriwo haingopi chikafu chakakosha asiwo inosimudzira induction ye autophagy.
1. Curcumin
Curcumin, iyo inoshandiswa mu turmeric, yakagara ichikosheswa nekuda kweiyo anti-inflammatory uye antioxidant properties.Zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zvakaratidzawo kuti curcumin inogona kukurudzira autophagy, iyo inovandudza hutano hweserura.Curcumin inomutsa majini chaiwo uye nzira dzechiratidzo dzinobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa kwe autophagy.Kugona kwayo kukwidziridza autophagy kunogona kubatsira zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvine chekuita neoxidative kusagadzikana uye cellular dysfunction.
2. Berberine
Berberine musanganiswa wechisikigo unowanikwa mune dzakasiyana siyana zvirimwa, kusanganisira barberry uye goldenseal.Iyi ine simba botanical supplement yakadzidzwa zvakanyanya kune yayo yekurapa maitiro pane akasiyana mamiriro, kusanganisira metabolic kusagadzikana.Berberine yakawanikwawo kuti iite autophagy nekushandura kutaura kwemajini ane chekuita neautophagy.Nekuwedzera neberberine, unogona kuwedzera autophagy uye kuvandudza hutano hweserura, kunyanya kana zvasvika kune hutano hwemetabolism.
3. Spermidine
Spermidine (spermidine) chinhu chidiki chemocular organic chinowanikwa mumaseru.Zvidzidzo zvakawana kuti kune hukama hwepedyo pakati pespermidine uye autophagy.Spermidine inogona kumisa iyo autophagy nzira uye kukurudzira autophagy.Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti spermidine inogona kuwedzera kutaura kweautophagy-ane hukama uye kusimudzira autophagy nekugadzirisa mazinga emapuroteni ane chekuita neautophagy.Mukuwedzera, spermidine inogonawo kumisa autophagy nekudzivisa iyo mTOR yekusaina nzira.
Disclaimer: Ichi chinyorwa ndechezvinangwa zveruzivo chete uye hachifanirwe kutorwa sezano rekurapa.Nguva dzose bvunza nyanzvi yezvehutano usati washandisa chero chekuwedzera kana kushandura hutano hwehutano hwako.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-01-2023
