Mitochondria inowanzonzi "magetsi zviteshi" zvesero, izwi rinosimbisa basa ravo rakakosha mukugadzira simba. Aya madiki organelles akakosha kune asingaverengeki maserura maitiro, uye kukosha kwawo kunosvika kure kupfuura kugadzirwa kwesimba. Kune akawanda ekuwedzera aripo anogona kunyatso kuvandudza hutano hwemitochondrial. Ngatitarisei!
Chimiro che mitochondria
Mitochondria yakasarudzika pakati pema cell organelles nekuda kweiyo mbiri-membrane chimiro. Iyo yekunze membrane inotsvedzerera uye inoshanda sechivharo pakati pe cytoplasm uye yemukati nharaunda ye mitochondria. Nekudaro, iyo intima yakamonereka zvakanyanya, ichiita mapete anonzi cristae. Aya ma cristae anowedzera nzvimbo yepamusoro inowanikwa yemakemikari maitiro, ayo anokosha kune basa re organelle.
Mukati me membrane yemukati mune mitochondrial matrix, gel-sechinhu chine ma enzymes, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), uye ribosomes. Kusiyana nemamwe akawanda organelles, mitochondria ine yavo genetic zvinhu, iyo inogarwa nhaka kubva kune yaamai mutsara. Iyi yakasarudzika inoita kuti masayendisiti atende kuti mitochondria yakabva kune yekare symbiotic mabhakitiriya.
Mitochondrial basa
1. Kugadzirwa kwesimba
Basa rekutanga re mitochondria ndere kugadzira adenosine triphosphate (ATP), iyo sero yekutanga simba mari. Iyi nzira, inonzi oxidative phosphorylation, inoitika mukati me membrane uye inosanganisira yakaoma yakatevedzana ye biochemical reaction. Iyo electron transport cheni (ETC) uye ATP synthase ndivo vatambi vakakosha mukuita uku.
(1) Electron transport chain (ETC): ETC mutsara weprotein complexes uye mamwe mamorekuru akaiswa mukati me membrane. Maerekitironi anotamiswa kuburikidza neaya macomplexes, achiburitsa simba rinoshandiswa kupomba mapurotoni (H+) kubva mumatrix kupinda munzvimbo yepakati. Izvi zvinogadzira electrochemical gradient, inozivikanwawo se proton motive force.
(2) ATP synthase: ATP synthase inzyme inoshandisa simba rakachengetwa muproton motive force kugadzira ATP kubva kuadenosine diphosphate (ADP) uye inorganic phosphate (Pi). Sezvo maprotoni achiyerera achidzokera kumatrix kuburikidza neATP synthase, iyo enzyme inokonzera kuumbwa kweATP.
2. Metabolic nzira
Pamusoro pekugadzirwa kweATP, mitochondria inobatanidzwa munzira dzakasiyana dzemetabolism, kusanganisira iyo citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) uye fatty acid oxidation. Idzi nzira dzinogadzira epakati mamorekuru akakosha kune mamwe maseru maitiro, senge synthesis yeamino acids, nucleotides, uye lipids.
3. Apoptosis
Mitochondria inoitawo basa rakakosha mukurongwa kwesero kufa, kana apoptosis. Munguva yeapoptosis, mitochondria inoburitsa cytochrome c uye zvimwe pro-apoptotic zvinhu mu cytoplasm, zvichikonzera nhevedzano yezviitiko zvinotungamira kurufu rwesero. Iyi nzira yakakosha pakuchengetedza cellular homeostasis uye kubvisa masero akakuvadzwa kana anorwara.
4. Mitochondria uye hutano
Tichifunga nezvepakati basa remitochondria mukugadzira simba uye cellular metabolism, hazvishamise kuti mitochondrial dysfunction yakabatana nehupamhi hwezvinetso zvehutano. Heano dzimwe dzenzvimbo dzakakosha uko mitochondria inokanganisa hutano hwedu:
5.Kuchembera
Mitochondria inofungidzirwa kuti inobata basa rinokosha mukukwegura. Nekufamba kwenguva, mitochondrial DNA inounganidza shanduko uye ketani yekutakura erekitironi inoita shoma. Izvi zvinotungamirira kukuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kweiyo reactive oxygen marudzi (ROS), iyo inokuvadza masero emasero uye inobatsira pakukwegura. Matanho ekusimudzira mitochondrial basa uye kuderedza oxidative kusagadzikana ari kuongororwa seanogona kurwisa kuchembera kupindira.
6. Metabolic disorders
Mitochondrial dysfunction inobatanidzwawo neakasiyana metabolic kusagadzikana, kusanganisira kufutisa, chirwere cheshuga, uye chirwere chemoyo. Kukanganisa mitochondrial basa kunoguma nekuderedzwa kwekugadzirwa kwesimba, kuwedzera kwekuchengetedza mafuta, uye insulin kuramba. Kuvandudza mitochondrial basa kuburikidza nemararamiro ekupindira akadai sekurovedza muviri uye kudya kune hutano kunogona kubatsira kudzikisa mamiriro aya.
NADH, resveratrol, astaxanthin, coenzyme Q10, urolithin A, uye spermidine ese ari kuwedzera kutariswa kana zvasvika pakuvandudza hutano hwemitochondrial uye anti-kuchembera. Nekudaro, imwe neimwe yekuwedzera ine yayo yakasarudzika nzira uye mabhenefiti.
1. NADH
Basa guru: NADH inogona kunyatso gadzira NAD + mumuviri, uye NAD + imorekuru rakakosha mukuita kweserura zvinhu metabolism uye mitochondrial simba rekugadzira.
Anti-aging mechanism: Nekuwedzera NAD + mazinga, NADH inogona kumisa puroteni yehupenyu hurefu SIRT1, kugadzirisa wachi yebhayoloji, activate neurotransmitters, uye kugadzirisa mashandiro ekurara. Pamusoro pezvo, NADH inogona kugadzirisa DNA yakakanganisika, kuramba oxidation, uye kuvandudza metabolism yevanhu, nekudaro ichiwana yakazara mhedzisiro yekunonoka kuchembera.
Zvakanakira: NASA inoziva uye inokurudzira NADH kuti vazivi vemuchadenga vadzore wachi yavo yebhayoloji, ichiratidza kushanda kwayo mumashandisirwo anoshanda.
2. Astaxanthin
Mabasa makuru: Astaxanthin ndeye tsvuku β-ionone ring carotenoid ine yakanyanya kukwira antioxidant chiitiko.
Anti-kuchembera nzira: Astaxanthin inogona kudzima singlet okisijeni, scavenge mahara radicals, uye kuchengetedza mitochondrial basa nekuchengetedza mitochondrial redox chiyero. Uyezve, inowedzera basa re superoxide dismutase uye glutathione peroxidase.
Zvakanakira: The antioxidant capacity of astaxanthin is 6,000 times the vitamin C and 550 times that of vitamin E, ichiratidza simba rayo re antioxidant.
3. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
Basa guru: Coenzyme Q10 isimba rekushandura simba resero mitochondria uye zvakare iri yakasarudzika inorwisa kuchembera chikafu chinowanzo zivikanwa nenharaunda yesainzi.
Anti-kuchembera nzira: Coenzyme Q10 ine simba antioxidant kugona, iyo inogona kutsvaira radicals emahara uye kubatsira kudzoreredza iyo antioxidant chiitiko chevhitamini C uye vhitamini E yakave yakasvibiswa. Mukuwedzera, inogona kupa oxygen yakakwana uye simba kumwoyo mhasuru masero uye masero europi.
Zvakanakira: Coenzyme Q10 inonyanya kukosha muhutano hwemwoyo uye ine simba guru pakuvandudza zviratidzo zvekukundikana kwemoyo uye kuderedza kufa uye zvipatara muvarwere vemoyo.
Basa guru: Urolithin A ndeyechipiri metabolite inogadzirwa nehutachiona hwemukati metabolizing polyphenols.
Anti-kuchembera michina: Urolithin A inogona activate sirtuins, kuwedzera NAD + uye cellular simba mazinga, uye kubvisa yakakuvadzwa mitochondria mumhasuru dzevanhu. Mukuwedzera, inewo anti-inflammatory uye anti-proliferative effects.
Zvakanakira: Urolithin A inogona kuyambuka ropa-brain barriers uye ine mukana wekuvandudza metabolic zvirwere uye anti-kuchembera.
5. Spermidine
Mabhenefiti akakosha: Spermidine imorekuru inongoitika inogadzirwa nehutachiona hwemukati.
Anti-aging mechanism: Spermidine inogona kukonzera mitophagy uye kubvisa mitochondria isina kunaka uye yakakuvadzwa. Uyezve, ine mukana wekudzivirira chirwere chemoyo uye kuchembera kwevakadzi.
Zvakanakira: Dietary spermidine inowanikwa mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudya, zvakadai sesoya uye zviyo, uye inowanikwa nyore nyore.
Suzhou Myland Pharm & Nutrition Inc. ndeye FDA-yakanyoreswa mugadziri inopa yepamusoro-mhando uye yakakwirira-kuchena anti-kuchembera yekuwedzera poda.
PaSuzhou Myland Pharm takazvipira kupa zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro nemitengo yakanakisa. Yedu yekudzivirira-kuchembera yekuwedzera poda inoedzwa zvakasimba kuchena uye potency, ichivaita sarudzo yakakwana kana iwe uchida kutsigira hutano hweserura, kuwedzera immune system yako kana kuwedzera hutano hwese.
Iine makore makumi matatu echiitiko uye ichisundwa nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro uye akakwenenzverwa zvakanyanya R&D mazano, Suzhou Myland Pharm yakagadzira mhando yezvigadzirwa zvemakwikwi uye ive yekuvandudza hupenyu hwesainzi yekuwedzera, tsika synthesis uye kugadzira masevhisi kambani.
Uye zvakare, Suzhou Myland Pharm zvakare iri FDA-yakanyoreswa mugadziri. Zviwanikwa zvekambani zveR&D, zvivakwa zvekugadzira, uye zviridzwa zvekuongorora ndezvazvino uye zvinoshanda-akawanda, uye zvinogona kugadzira makemikari kubva kumamirigiramu kusvika kumatani muchiyero, uye zvinoenderana neISO 9001 zviyero uye magadzirirwo ekugadzira GMP.
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Nguva yekutumira: Oct-01-2024
